Komang

Referring to the topology diagram, connect the console (or rollover) cable to the console port on the router and the other cable end to the host computer with a DB-9 or DB-25 adapter to the COM 1 port. Ensure that power has been applied to both the host computer and router.

Establish a HyperTerminal, or other terminal emulation program, from PC1 to each of the three routers in turn and perform the following configuration functions:

Clear any existing configurations on the routers.

Configure the router hostname.

Disable DNS lookup.

Configure an EXEC mode password.

Configure a message-of-the-day banner.

Configure a password for console connections.

Configure a password for vty connections.

Configure the interfaces on the three routers with the IP addresses from the table.

Save the running configuration to the NVRAM of the router.

Configure the Ethernet interfaces of Hosts PC1, PC2, and PC3 with the IP addresses from the addressing

table provided under the topology diagram.

Verify that each router can ping each of the neighboring routers across the WAN links. You should

not have connectivity between end devices yet. However, you can test connectivity between two

routers and between an end device and its default gateway. Troubleshoot if connectivity is not achieved.

Verify that PC1, PC2, and PC3 can ping their respective default gateways. Troubleshoot if connectivity is not achieved.

Consider the networks that need to be included in the EIGRP updates that are sent out by the R1 router.

What directly connected networks exist on R1?

What commands are required to enable EGIRP and include the connected networks in the routing updates?

Are there any router interfaces that do not need to have EIGRP updates sent out? Ya

If yes, which ones? Fa0/0 and Fa0/1

What command is used to disable EIGRP updates on these interfaces?

Consider the networks that need to be included in the EIGRP updates that are sent out by the R2 router.

What directly connected networks exist on R2?

What commands are required to enable EGIRP and include the connected networks in the routing updates?

Are there any router interfaces that do not need to have EIGRP updates sent out?Ya

If yes, which ones?

What command is used to disable EIGRP updates on these interfaces?

Consider the networks that need to be included in the EIGRP updates that are sent out by the R3 router.

What directly connected networks exist on R3?

What commands are required to enable EGIRP and include the connected networks in the routing updates?

Are there any router interfaces that do not need to have EIGRP updates sent out?Ya

If yes, which ones?Fa0/0 and Fa0/1

What command is used to disable EIGRP updates on these interfaces?

Ping between devices to confirm that each router can reach each device on the network and that there is

connectivity between all the PCs. If any of the above pings failed, check your physical connections and configurations. Troubleshoot until connectivity is achieved.

Are there summary routes in any of the routing tables?

Are there any summary routes for the 172.x.0.0 networks?Tidak

On each of the three routers, remove automatic summarization to force EIGRP to report all subnets. A sample command is given for R1.

R1(config)#router eigrp 1

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

On R2, configure manual summarization so that EIGRP summarizes the four networks 172.16.0.0/16,

172.17.0.0/16, 172.18.0.0/16, and 172.19.0.0/16 as one CIDR route, or 172.16.0.0/14.

You are summarizing multiple classful networks, which creates a supernet, and results in a classless (/14)

network address being advertised.

R2(config)#interface s0/0/1

R2(config-if)#ip summary-address eigrp 1 172.16.0.0 255.252.0.0

Examine the routing table of each router using the show ip route command.

R1#show ip route

Codes: C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP

D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area

N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2

i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2

ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static

route

o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 172.17.0.0/16 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

D 172.16.0.0/16 [90/2172416] via 172.17.0.2, 02:13:05, Serial0/0/0

C 172.19.0.0/16 is directly connected, Loopback0

C 172.18.0.0/16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

D 172.20.0.0/16 [90/2681856] via 172.17.0.2, 02:05:21, Serial0/0/0

10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 10.1.0.0 [90/2684416] via 172.17.0.2, 00:04:25, Serial0/0/0

R2#show ip route

Codes: C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP

D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area

N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2

i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2

ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static

route

o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 172.17.0.0/16 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

C 172.16.0.0/16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

D 172.19.0.0/16 [90/2172416] via 172.17.0.1, 02:14:37, Serial0/0/0

D 172.18.0.0/16 [90/2172416] via 172.17.0.1, 02:14:37, Serial0/0/0

C 172.20.0.0/16 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1

10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 10.1.0.0 [90/2172416] via 172.20.0.1, 00:05:57, Serial0/0/1

D 172.16.0.0/14 is a summary, 00:11:55, Null0

R3#show ip route

Codes: C – connected, S – static, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP

D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area

N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2

i – IS-IS, su – IS-IS summary, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2

ia – IS-IS inter area, * – candidate default, U – per-user static

route

o – ODR, P – periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 172.20.0.0/16 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1

10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 10.1.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

D 172.16.0.0/14 [90/2172416] via 172.20.0.2, 00:13:32, Serial0/0/1

Which router has a summarized route to the 172.x.0.0 networks in its routing table?

D 172.16.0.0/14 [90/2172416] via 172.20.0.2, 00:13:32, Serial0/0/1

Erase the configurations and reload the routers. Disconnect and store the cabling. For PC hosts that are

normally connected to other networks (such as the school LAN or to the Internet), reconnect the appropriate cabling and restore the TCP/IP settings.

In this lab, automatic summarization was used. Could route summarization still be applied if more effective use of the IPv4 address space had been made by using VLSM for those networks requiring fewer addresses, such as the serial links between routers?

The initial step in determining the required VLANs is to group users and services into VLANs. Each of these VLANs will represent an IP subnet.

A VLAN can be considered to be a group of switch ports assigned to a broadcast domain. Grouping the

switch ports confines broadcast traffic to specified hosts so that bandwidth is not unnecessarily consumed in unrelated VLANs. It is therefore a recommended best practice to assign only one IP network or subnetwork to each VLAN.

When determining how to group users and services, consider the following issues:

The employees and hardware of the former AnyCompany will move into the building with the FilmCompany in the near future. The network from this newly acquired company needs to be tightly integrated with the FilmCompany network and a structure put in place to enhance the security of the network.

To support this integration, with improvements in security and performance, additional VLANs need to be

created on the network. These VLANs will also allow the personnel to move to the buildings without additional network changes or interruption in network services.

Security can be better enforced between VLANs than within VLANs.

VLANs to enforce this security.

the connected device.

The contract with StadiumCompany adds a number of new requirements. Some FilmCompany personnel will be located at the stadium. Additional personnel and contract workers will also be present at the stadium during live events. These employees will use laptops and the wireless LAN at the FilmCompany branch as well as the wireless LAN at the stadium. To provide network connectivity for these laptops, they will be in their own VLAN. At the stadium, the FilmCompany laptop users will connect to a secure wireless VLAN and use a VPN over the Frame Relay connection between stadium and the FilmCompany branch. With this connection, the laptop users can be attached to the internal FilmCompany network regardless of physical location. To support the video feeds, FilmCompany will need resources available at the stadium. Some of the servers providing these resources will be located at the stadium. Other servers will be located at the branch office of the FilmCompany. For security and performance reasons, these servers, regardless of location, will be on secured VLANs. A separate VPN over the Frame Relay link will be created to connect the servers at the stadium to the servers located at the FilmCompany office.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a VPN to extend the wireless and video server

networks over the Frame Relay connection from FilmCompany to the stadium?

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

The VLAN structure will support load balancing and redundancy, which are major needs of this new network design. With such a large portion of the FilmCompany operations and revenues dependent on the network operation, a network failure could be devastating. The new VLAN arrangement allows the FC-ASW1 and FCASW2 switches to share the load of the traffic and be backups for each other.

This redundancy is accomplished by sharing the RSTP primary and secondary root duties for the traffic for the different VLANs:

Examine the planned network topology. Applying the issues considered in Step 1, list all the possible

groupings of users and services that may require separate VLANs and subnets.

VLAN for high performance production workstations (stationary)

The new addressing design needs to be scalable to allow easy inclusion of future services, such as voice.

The current addressing scheme does not allow for managed growth. Correcting this scheme will mean that most devices will be placed on new VLANs and new subnets. In some cases, a device address may not be able to be changed; for example, some of the servers have software registered to their IP addresses. In such cases, the server VLAN will keep its current addressing even though it may not be consistent with the remaining addressing scheme. Other addresses that cannot be changed are the addresses used with the WAN links and the addresses for NAT pool used to access the Internet.

This table shows a possible grouping and addressing scheme. The number of hosts required for the

FilmCompany branch office, including growth, has been determined. Assigning one subnet to each VLAN, the host count for each has been rounded up to the next logical network size supported by the binary patterns used in the subnet mask. Rounding up prevents underestimating the total number of host addresses required

To determine the block of addresses to be used, count the number of hosts. To calculate the addresses,

count only the hosts that will receive addresses from the new block. Use the information in the table in Step 3 to complete this chart to calculate the total number of hosts in the new FilmCompany network requiring addresses.

This lab provided a step-by-step process for determining an addressing scheme for a corporate network.

Discuss and consider the issues that would arise if this planning process was not methodically used.

Review and record the total number of hosts to be addressed.

Complete this table with the information determined in Lab 6.2.1.

What is the smallest address block size that can potentially satisfy the FilmCompany network needs?

A block of addresses needs to be acquired to support the addressing scheme. This block of addresses could be private space addresses or public addresses. In most cases, the network users require only outbound connections to the Internet. Only a few hosts, such as web servers, require public addresses. These often exist on the local LAN with private addresses and have static NAT entries on the border router to translate to public addresses. Public address, however, are expensive and often difficult to justify. Can you make a justification of the use public addresses in this network?

If so, write this justification to forward to the ISP:

Although you are allowed to use private space addresses any way you choose, you must make sure that the addresses used do not conflict with another private space address to which this network will be connected. You must identify other networks to which you are connected and make sure that you are not using the same private addresses. In this case, you need to examine the addresses used by the StadiumCompany.

What address private space block does the StadiumCompany use?

What address blocks are used by the WAN links?

Are there other devices or connections that need to be excluded from use?

What types?

What address block?

The company should have a network policy and method of allocating addresses. This is true even when using

private addresses. You should contact the FilmCompany network administrators to request a block of

addresses. In this case, ask your instructor if there is a preferred set of addresses to use.

Did your instructor assign a block of addresses?

If so, what block?

If your instructor does not assign addresses, you may choose any private space block that does not conflict.

What block of addresses are you using for this FilmCompany Branch?

When assigning addresses to the different networks, start the assignments with the subnet that requires the largest address block and progress to the network that requires the smallest.

Using the information from Lab 6.2.1, list the networks in order of size, from the network that requires the

largest address block to the network that requires the smallest block.

From the address block chosen in the previous task, begin calculating and assigning the address blocks to these networks. You should use contiguous blocks of addresses when making these assignments.

Using the addresses you calculated in the previous step, complete this table from Lab 6.2.1. This plan will be used in future labs.

This lab specifically used private IPv4 addresses. Discuss the issues to be considered if it was decided to use public IP addresses throughout the network. Are there any situations that would require this?

Alamat IP versi 4 (sering disebut dengan Alamat IPv4) adalah sebuah jenis pengalamatan jaringan yang digunakan di dalam protokol jaringan TCP/IP yang menggunakan protokol IP versi 4. Panjang totalnya adalah 32-bit, dan secara teoritis dapat mengalamati hingga 4 miliar host komputer atau lebih tepatnya 4.294.967.296 host di seluruh dunia, jumlah host tersebut didapatkan dari 256 (didapatkan dari 8 bit) dipangkat 4(karena terdapat 4 oktet) sehingga nilai maksimal dari alamt IP versi 4 tersebut adalah 255.255.255.255 dimana nilai dihitung dari nol sehingga nilai nilai host yang dapat ditampung adalah 256x256x256x256=4.294.967.296 host. Alamat publik adalah alamat-alamat yang telah ditetapkan oleh InterNIC dan berisi beberapa buah network identifier yang telah dijamin unik (artinya, tidak ada dua host yang menggunakan alamat yang sama) jika intranet tersebut telah terhubung ke Internet. Ketika beberapa alamat publik telah ditetapkan, maka beberapa rute dapat diprogram ke dalam sebuah router sehingga lalu lintas data yang menuju alamat publik tersebut dapat mencapai lokasinya.

In the first column, record the address block used for the entire FilmCompany network chosen in the previous lab.

Based on the requirements for the FilmCompany network, the address block is divided into twelve separate networks using four different masks.

In the second column of the table above, record the network blocks that will support 254 hosts per

network. In the last column, record the names of the networks that need to be assigned to these blocks.

The CIDR notation mask for the 254-host network is /24. What is the dotted decimal equivalent mask?

In the third column of the table above, choose the first unused 254 host address block to subdivide

into 126-host networks. In the last column, record the names of the networks assigned to these 126-host blocks.

The CIDR notation mask for the 126-host network is /25. What is the dotted decimal equivalent mask?

In the fourth column of the table above, choose the first unused 126-host address block to subdivide

into 62-host networks.

In the last column, record the names of the networks assigned to these 62-host blocks.

The CIDR notation mask for the 62-host network is /26. What is the dotted decimal equivalent mask?

In the fifth column of the table above, choose the first unused 62-host address block to subdivide into

14-host networks. In the last column, record the names of the networks assigned to these 14-host blocks.

The CIDR notation mask for the 14-host network is /28. What is the dotted decimal equivalent mask?

For each network, determine and document the host addresses and broadcast addresses. Use the table

below to document these networks and host information.

In the table below, record the network names for the FilmCompany in the first column and the corresponding network address in the second column.

The lowest address for a network is one greater than the address of the network. Therefore, to calculate the lowest host address, add a 1 to the network address. For each of these networks, calculate and record the lowest host address in the second column of the table.

The broadcast address uses the highest address in the network range. This is the address in which the bits in the host portion are all 1s. To calculate the broadcast for each of the networks listed, convert the last octet of the network address into binary. Then fill the remaining host bits with 1s. Finally, convert the binary back to decimal. For each of these networks, calculate and record the broadcast address in the last column.

The highest address for each address is the network address is one less than the broadcast address for that network. Therefore, to calculate the highest host address, subtract a 1 from the broadcast address. For each of these networks, calculate and record the highest host address in the second column.

One of the major issues of planning network addresses is overlapping addresses. This is especially true when using VLSM addressing. Examine the table in the previous step to ensure that each network has a unique address range.

Are there any overlapping addresses in the networks?Tidak

If there are any overlapping addresses, recalculate the addressing plan for the FilmCompany network.

In the previous labs, you identified VLANs and subnets to be used in the FilmCompany network expansion. For each device listed in the table in the final section of this lab, assign each host the appropriate VLAN based on its description. Record these VLAN assignments in the third column of the table in Step 5.

In the previous lab, an address range was established for each subnet and VLAN. Using these established ranges and the VLAN assignments to the devices in the previous step, assign a host address to each of the selected hosts. Record this information in the last column of the table in Step 5 of this lab.

From the device information, develop and apply a naming convention for the hosts.

A good naming scheme follows these guidelines:

and to set up management systems.

For each naming criteria, assign a code for type. You will use these codes in different combinations to create device names. In the tables below, create codes for the elements of the device names. Use as many or as few codes as needed.

In the spaces below, indicate the order and the number of letters to be used in the device naming. Again, use as many or as few letters as necessary. List the criteria in the blanks and draw a line to indicate the number of letters used. You may also choose to use hyphens (-) or underscores (_) to separate fields.

For each of the twelve devices shown in this table, apply the naming convention. Then add these device

names in the appropriate boxes in the topology at the beginning of the lab.